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Generic Ketorolac
Ketorolac tromethamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indicated for the short-term management of moderate to severe acute pain, including post-operative pain. It works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate pain, inflammation, and fever. Ketorolac has potent analgesic activity comparable to opioids in some settings but without opioid-related side effects such as respiratory depression or dependence. Because of its significant risk of serious gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular adverse events, ketorolac is reserved for short-term use (maximum 5 days) and is not indicated for minor or chronic pain. It is available as oral tablets, injectable solution, and nasal spray.
Usual adult dose: For oral therapy, the recommended dose is 10 mg taken every 4 to 6 hours as needed, with a maximum total daily dose of 40 mg. The 10 mg oral tablet is typically used as a continuation of therapy after an initial intramuscular or intravenous dose (e.g., 30 mg to 60 mg IM or 30 mg IV). The total combined duration of parenteral and oral ketorolac must not exceed 5 days. In patients 65 years of age and older, in those with renal impairment, or in patients weighing less than 50 kg, the maximum total daily dose should not exceed 60 mg for parenteral therapy, and oral doses should be reduced accordingly; in these populations, a 10 mg tablet is the preferred oral dose. Ketorolac should be taken with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset. It is contraindicated in patients with active peptic ulcer disease, recent gastrointestinal bleeding, severe renal impairment, or a history of asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs.
Dosage form: Film-coated tablets: 10 mg (white to off-white, round, biconvex, debossed with "KETO 10" or similar marking). Available in blister packs or bottles of 20 tablets. Ketorolac is also available as an injectable solution (15 mg/mL or 30 mg/mL) for intramuscular or intravenous use, and as a nasal spray (15.75 mg per actuation). The oral tablet is used only after initial parenteral dosing in most acute pain protocols.
Onset of action: Analgesia begins within 30 to 60 minutes after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations reached at approximately 30 to 60 minutes. The onset is slower than intravenous administration (which is within minutes) but adequate for continuation therapy in the acute pain setting. Maximum analgesic effect may take 1 to 2 hours.
Duration of action: The analgesic effect lasts approximately 4 to 6 hours, supporting dosing every 4 to 6 hours. The elimination half-life of ketorolac is approximately 5 to 6 hours in patients with normal renal function but may be prolonged in the elderly or those with renal impairment. The total duration of therapy must not exceed 5 days because of the increased risk of adverse events with longer use.
Alcohol recommendation: Alcohol must be avoided during treatment with ketorolac. The combination significantly increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration, and perforation, which can be fatal. Alcohol may also potentiate the nephrotoxic effects of ketorolac and increase the risk of liver injury, dizziness, and drowsiness. Patients should be counselled to abstain from alcohol for the entire treatment period and for at least 24 hours after the last dose.
Most common side effects: Nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness. Gastrointestinal side effects are common; taking the medication with food may reduce them. More serious adverse events include gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, and ulceration; renal impairment including acute renal failure; cardiovascular thrombotic events (myocardial infarction and stroke); and hypersensitivity reactions. Ketorolac is contraindicated in patients with active or recent gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min), hemorrhagic diathesis, and in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. It should not be used in patients with a history of asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs. Ketorolac is also contraindicated during labour and delivery, and in breastfeeding women. Patients should seek immediate medical attention for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (black stools, vomiting blood), chest pain, shortness of breath, or sudden weakness. Ketorolac is available only by prescription in Canada and must be prescribed and supervised by a healthcare professional.
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At our pharmacy, you can buy Ketorolac without a prescription, with discreet and anonymous packaging delivered within 5-14 days across Canada.
What is Ketorolac?
Ketorolac is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the short-term management of moderate to severe pain. It is not for minor aches or long-term arthritis. It is the kind of painkiller given after surgery, after a significant injury, or during a severe flare of kidney stone pain. Ketorolac works by blocking the production of prostaglandins, the chemicals that cause pain and inflammation. It is effective and fast, often providing relief comparable to low-dose opioids without the sedation or addiction risk. But that power comes with a strict limit: it should not be used for more than 5 days because of the high risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, and kidney damage.
Ketorolac is available as a 10 mg tablet, an injectable form, and an eye drop. The 10 mg oral dose is used for pain that has already been controlled by an injection of ketorolac, or as a starting dose in certain situations. It is not meant to be the first-line drug for a sprained ankle or a headache. The 10 mg tablet is often prescribed as one tablet every 4 to 6 hours as needed, with a strict maximum of 40 mg per day and 5 days total. It is a powerful tool for a short, sharp pain crisis, not a daily companion. Ketorolac is available as generic and was originally sold under the brand name Toradol.
Mechanism and Pharmacology
Ketorolac inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, similar to ibuprofen, but it is much more potent on a milligram-for-milligram basis. By blocking these enzymes, it dramatically reduces the production of prostaglandins throughout the body. That knocks down pain and inflammation quickly. But the COX-1 inhibition also strips away the protective prostaglandins in the stomach lining and reduces blood flow to the kidneys. This is why the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney injury is much higher with ketorolac than with weaker NSAIDs, and why the duration of use is strictly limited.
After oral administration, ketorolac is rapidly and completely absorbed, with peak plasma levels reached in about 35 minutes. Food, especially a high-fat meal, slows absorption but does not reduce the total amount. The drug is highly protein-bound, over 99 percent. It is metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites and excreted primarily in the urine. The half-life is about 5 to 6 hours in healthy adults, which supports dosing every 4 to 6 hours. In elderly patients and those with reduced kidney function, the half-life is longer, and the dose must be reduced or the drug avoided altogether. Ketorolac crosses the placenta and is not recommended in pregnancy. The 10 mg tablet is a low oral dose, but it still carries the full toxicity profile of the drug.
How to Use Ketorolac
Take one 10 mg tablet every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain. Do not take more than 40 mg in a 24-hour period. Do not take ketorolac for more than 5 days total. The tablet should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water. Taking it with food or milk helps protect the stomach and reduces nausea. If you miss a dose and you are taking it on a regular schedule, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up. This is not a medication where you should catch up on missed doses, because the risk of side effects rises sharply with higher intake.
Ketorolac is usually prescribed after an initial injection of ketorolac or another painkiller. Your doctor will tell you when to start the tablets and how many to take. Do not use it for chronic pain. If your pain lasts more than 5 days, you need a different pain management strategy. Do not combine ketorolac with other NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin used for pain, because the risks add up. If you take low-dose aspirin for heart protection, ketorolac can interfere with its effect. Always tell your doctor about all your medications before starting. Because of the bleeding risk, ketorolac is contraindicated before major surgery, in patients with active bleeding, or in those with a history of stomach ulcers. It is also not used in people with severe kidney disease.
Side Effects of Ketorolac
The side effects are the same class effects as other NSAIDs, but amplified. The most common are gastrointestinal: stomach pain, nausea, indigestion, and diarrhea. Taking the tablet with food reduces these. The most dangerous is gastrointestinal bleeding. Ketorolac can cause stomach ulcers, perforation, and bleeding, which can be fatal. This risk is present even with short courses and is higher in the elderly, at higher doses, and in patients taking corticosteroids or anticoagulants. Signs of a bleeding ulcer include black, tarry stools, vomiting blood, or severe abdominal pain. If these occur, stop the drug immediately and seek emergency care.
Kidney damage is a major concern. Ketorolac reduces blood flow to the kidneys, which can cause acute kidney injury, especially in dehydrated patients, those with heart failure, or those taking diuretics or ACE inhibitors. Fluid retention and swelling can occur. Allergic reactions range from rash to anaphylaxis with swelling of the face and throat. Ketorolac can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, like all NSAIDs. It also inhibits platelet function, leading to prolonged bleeding time, which is dangerous after surgery or injury. Dizziness and drowsiness are possible. Ketorolac is not a safe drug for everyone. Its potency is real, but so is its danger.
High-Risk Groups (Elderly, Pregnancy)
Pregnancy. Ketorolac is pregnancy category C in the first and second trimesters and category D in the third trimester. It is contraindicated in the third trimester because it can cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus and may delay labour. It is also contraindicated during labour and delivery because of the bleeding risk. Ketorolac should be avoided throughout pregnancy if possible. Acetaminophen is the preferred pain reliever. Breastfeeding. Ketorolac passes into breast milk in small amounts. The manufacturer recommends against its use during breastfeeding because of the potential for adverse effects on the infant, including bleeding and kidney problems. Occasional use of a single dose may be acceptable, but regular use is not. Discuss with your doctor.
Elderly patients are at significantly higher risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, kidney failure, and heart failure from ketorolac. The dose should be reduced, and the drug should be used for the shortest possible time, if at all. Many clinicians avoid ketorolac entirely in patients over 65. People with a history of stomach ulcers, bleeding disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, or those taking anticoagulants should not use ketorolac. Severe kidney disease, severe heart failure, and active liver disease are contraindications. Dehydration, even mild, increases the risk of kidney damage. A complete medication review is absolutely essential before starting.
Interaction With Activities (Driving, Alcohol)
Ketorolac can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision. If you experience these, do not drive or operate machinery. The effects are more likely than with weaker NSAIDs. Alcohol significantly increases the risk of stomach bleeding and irritation when combined with ketorolac. It also adds to dizziness and can worsen kidney injury. Avoid alcohol entirely while taking this drug. Even a single drink can trigger gastric bleeding in a susceptible person. If you drink, do not take ketorolac. The combination of ketorolac and alcohol on an empty stomach is a serious risk.
Drug Interactions
Ketorolac has the same interactions as other NSAIDs, but because it is so potent, the consequences are more severe. Anticoagulants like warfarin, clopidogrel, and the direct oral anticoagulants (apixaban, rivaroxaban) greatly increase the risk of bleeding and are generally contraindicated with ketorolac. Aspirin, even low-dose, increases the risk of stomach ulcers and bleeding. Corticosteroids increase the risk of ulcers. SSRIs and SNRIs, used for depression, also increase bleeding risk. Methotrexate, lithium, and cyclosporine levels can rise, leading to toxicity. ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and diuretics can become less effective and the combination can precipitate kidney failure. Probenecid, used for gout, slows the excretion of ketorolac and increases its levels. The combination should be avoided. Always provide your doctor and pharmacist with a complete list of your medications before taking ketorolac.
Alternative Options
For moderate to severe pain, alternatives depend on the cause and the patient's risk factors. Acetaminophen is safer for the stomach and kidneys but less effective for inflammation. Ibuprofen and naproxen are weaker NSAIDs that can be used for longer periods and with less immediate danger, though they share the same class risks. Celecoxib is a COX-2 selective NSAID with a lower risk of stomach ulcers but a higher cardiovascular risk. For severe pain, opioids are sometimes used, but they carry addiction and sedation risks. Combination therapy, such as acetaminophen with a weak opioid, is often used after surgery. Topical NSAIDs or lidocaine patches can provide localized relief without systemic exposure. The choice depends on the severity of pain, the expected duration, and the patient's kidney, stomach, and heart health. Ketorolac is reserved for short, intense pain episodes where its potency justifies its risk profile.
INN, Brand Names, and Classification in Canada
INN (International Nonproprietary Name): Ketorolac tromethamine
Available brand names in Canada: Toradol, and generic ketorolac. Injectable and ophthalmic forms are also available.
ATC code: M01AB15
Forms and strengths: Tablets 10 mg. Injectable solution 15 mg/mL or 30 mg/mL. Eye drops 0.5%.
Manufacturers: Atnahs Pharma Canada Inc. (Toradol), and diverse generic manufacturers including Apotex Inc., Teva Canada Limited, and Sandoz Canada Inc.
Registration status in Canada: Registered
Classification: Prescription (Rx)
Frequently Asked Questions
Why can I only take ketorolac for 5 days?
The risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, and kidney damage rises sharply after 5 days. This is not a maintenance drug. It is for short-term, severe pain only. If you need pain relief beyond 5 days, your doctor should switch you to a safer long-term option.
Can I take ketorolac for a headache?
No. Ketorolac is too strong and too dangerous for a simple headache. Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen instead. Ketorolac is for significant pain after surgery or injury, not everyday aches.
Is ketorolac stronger than morphine?
In some post-surgical settings, 30 mg of ketorolac by injection is comparable to 10 mg of morphine for pain relief, but without the sedation. The oral 10 mg tablet is less studied but still potent. It is not a narcotic and does not cause addiction, but it has its own serious risks.
Can I take ketorolac if I have kidney problems?
You should not. Ketorolac can cause acute kidney failure, especially in anyone with pre-existing kidney disease, dehydration, or heart failure. If you have any kidney issues, tell your doctor before taking this drug.
What should I do if I vomit after taking ketorolac?
If you vomit within 30 minutes of taking the tablet, it may not have been absorbed. Contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice. Do not automatically take another dose, as this can lead to overdose. If you vomit after more than an hour, the drug has likely been absorbed.
Delivery Information Across Canada
We ship Ketorolac to all provinces and territories. Delivery times vary depending on how remote your location is:
- Ontario (Toronto, Ottawa, Mississauga): 5 to 7 days
- Quebec (Montreal, Quebec City, Laval): 5 to 7 days
- British Columbia (Vancouver, Victoria, Burnaby): 5 to 9 days
- Alberta (Calgary, Edmonton, Red Deer): 5 to 9 days
- Manitoba (Winnipeg, Brandon): 5 to 9 days
- Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, Regina): 5 to 9 days
- Nova Scotia (Halifax, Sydney): 5 to 9 days
- New Brunswick (Moncton, Fredericton): 5 to 9 days
- Newfoundland and Labrador (St. John's, Corner Brook): 7 to 14 days
- Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown): 7 to 14 days
- Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut: 7 to 14 days
All shipments are packed discreetly with no branding or indication of contents on the outside.
| Shipping method | Delivery time | Price | |
Delivery |
14-21 days | 14.95$ | Tracking# available in 4 days |
Delivery |
9-14 days | 30$ | Tracking# available in 2 days |
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